Friday, September 6, 2013

Female Archetypes We Haven't Talked About: Dark vs. Pale Beauties



There has been a lot of discussion lately on the subject of female characters, particularly in YA circles, and it brought to my mind two archetypes we often discussed in my college English lit classes--but which I haven't seen mentioned in relation to the current female characters of YA Fiction.

I'm surprised we don't talk more about the subject of Dark vs. Pale Beauties in YA literature today (or has this discussion been strictly confined to undergrad literary criticism classes? I wouldn't be surprised.) Sure, we talk an awful lot about Strong Female Characters vs. Manic Pixie Dream Girls and a host of other hot, controversial catchphrases--but that of Dark and Pale Beauties is such an interesting dichotomy that I think it would really add to our discussion of female characters in general, especially now, when Female Leads are gaining popularity not only in literature but in film. So if I may, I'll drag out this old topic, dust it off, and try to glean some relevant discussion out of it.

Basics first. Let's all get on the same page here, in case we're not all Lit-Crit majors. Google is no help at all--search these terms and all it can offer is results on skin color, which is so not what these terms mean. I repeat: THESE TERMS DO NOT REFER TO SKIN TONE. Nor does the term "beauty" here mean the characters are necessarily physically attractive (I think it was originally coined to be more ironic than anything else, indicating the classical idealized female characters often portrayed in pre-20th-century literature).


So here are some brief definitions:

Dark Beauty

Does not mean: dark-haired, dark-skinned, or anything else to do with physical appearance.

Does mean: A female character who is "experienced," either in worldly matters, sexuality, violence, etc. She is independent, knowledgeable, jaded, often older (than a corresponding pale beauty), with some degree of power or at least semblance of power. She's likely to be strong-natured. She prefers to hide her weaknesses and exert authority over others. Her power is achieved through various means: physical ability, sexuality, manipulation, strength of character, vision, or will. Though she is often perceived to be the more villainous of these two archetypes, this is very often untrue of her. She's "street-smart." She will either disdain or envy the pale beauty, and in some cases seek to either "rescue" her from her innocence or protect her from becoming like herself.


Some examples of Dark Beauties:

- Katniss Everdeen (The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins) (though arguably with some Pale characteristics)
- Isabelle Lightwood (The Mortal Instruments by Cassandra Clare)
- Genya (Shadow and Bone by Leigh Bardugo)
- Ridley Duchannes (Beautiful Creatures by Kami Garcia and Margaret Stohl)
- Maela (Crewel by Gennifer Albin)
- Fire (Fire by Kristin Cashore)
- Katsa (Graceling by Kristin Cashore)
- Meg (Disney's Hercules)
- Scarlett O'Hara (Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell)
- River Song (Doctor Who)



Pale Beauty

Does not mean: fair-haired, fair-skinned, or anything else to do with physical appearance

Does mean: A female character who is primarily naive, inexperienced, sheltered, perhaps idealistic. She is dependent on others, though she may seek to break free and establish her autonomy. She may be a daydreamer, and if often mistaken to be meek and mild, or is pushed to be so. She is the "caged bird," often pressured to remain innocent and childlike. Seen as the embodiment of purity and sweetness, conflict often arises if she attempts to "grow up," or to shed her innocence. Many stories are built around a Pale Beauty attempting and either succeeding or failing to exchange her innocence for experience. Those around her who wish for her to remain pure will often speak for her, thus the Pale Beauty is often depicted without a voice--this does not mean she is weak, but rather that someone is attempting to press her into the Pale Beauty mold (interestingly, often they do so out of love, like the Elinor/Merida relationship in Pixar's Brave). This is the crux of "coming-of-age" stories. She will often either envy, despise, or attempt to emulate the Dark Beauty.

Examples:

- Primrose Everdeen (The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins)
- Elisa (The Girl of Fire and Thorns by Rae Carson) (though she does evolve as the story progresses)
- Clary Fray (The Mortal Instruments by Cassandra Clare) (another dynamic character!)
- Tris (Divergent) (yet another dynamic character--she is an example of a Pale Beauty attempting to exert the Dark Beauty she believes herself to be)
- Cassia (The Matched Trilogy by Ally Condie)
- Kathy (Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro)
- Bitterblue (Bitterblue by Kristin Cashore) (another dynamic character--there are a lot of these in today's YA!)
- Rapunzel (Disney's Tangled)
- Christine (The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux)
- Dorothy Gale (The Wizard of Oz)



Something I love about current YA fiction is that the lines between these two types of characters are often blurred. I've seen many female characters who are experienced in survival but innocent in love (Katniss) or who might only appear to be innocent Pale Beauties until the story conflict cracks open their shell and releases the Dark Beauty inside. Many times this is the result of the character herself striving to break free of the Pale Beauty archetype (Tris or Bitterblue), but other times this transformation is made reluctantly, and they must be pushed by outside forces to achieve independence and experience (Elisa from The Girl of Fire and Thorns).


The reason I'm bringing these two archetypes up at all is because I think they shed an interesting and useful light on character development and, since characters drive stories, plot development. While not all female characters fit into these archetypes, they can be useful in discovering the personal motivation and plot line for our girls.

Is your character a Pale Beauty attempting to break free of her girlhood and establish herself as an autonomous Dark Beauty?
Does your character wish to remain a Pale Beauty, but is forced by circumstances to put her innocence and purity aside and become a Dark Beauty in order to survive? 
Is your character a Dark Beauty who has committed some wrong, sacrificing her innocence, and does she seek to somehow redeem herself? Is she envious of the Pale Beauty's purity? 
Does your story contain both? Do you have a Pale Beauty striving to remain pure while set against a Dark Beauty who strives to either control or destroy her? (Like in the classic Snow White story) 
Are you taking a story which classically focused on a Pale Beauty and retelling it with the character recast as a Dark Beauty? (This often happens in fairy-tale retellings, such as Cinder by Marissa Meyer).

There are so many fascinating conflicts that can arise out of the juxtaposition of these stereotypes, whether those stereotypes occur in the same character or whether they arise between two opposite ones. It brings up some intriguing questions:


Will Pale Beauties always eventually become Dark, or can purity be retained through adulthood? 
Is there room for both archetypes to exist simultaneously in one character?
Can a Pale Beauty be strong and independent without sacrificing her innocence?
What characteristics can be found with both archetypes? 
What characteristics of these archetypes are true attributes, and which are projected onto the character by others?

These aren't questions I necessarily have answers to, but I'm fascinated by them and by stories that deal with them. Being conscious of these archetypes and applying them to our characters can help us achieve a strong level of emotional development.

These archetypes are particularly relevant to Young Adult literature, I feel, because so much of YA is about coming-of-age, the loss of innocence, the quest for autonomy, and the reinvention of one's self. If you look at all of the YA character examples above, you'll find that most of them don't begin and end as the same type of character. Elisa (A Girl of Fire and Thorns), Clary (TMI), and Triss (Divergent) are all prime examples of girls who start out sheltered, innocent, and dependent but who through the course of their stories become independent, experienced characters more in line with the Dark Beauty archetype than the Pale Beauty they started as.



Something I do not want to suggest is that Dark Beauties are synonymous with "Strong" female characters while Pale Beauties are synonymous with "Weak" ones. That is a different discussion altogether, and though Pale-to-Dark character transformations do often coincide with "weak-to-strong," this isn't always true and these transformations are not mutually requisite. For example, giving Snow White a sword and armor does not turn her from a Pale Beauty to a Dark One, though it does (to some degree) turn her from a weak character to a strong one. She retains her purity and idealism despite becoming strong--which goes to show that a character need not be a Dark Beauty in order to display strength of will and character. Pale Beauties can have these traits, though others may attempt to strip them away.



Nor do I suggest that either archetype is more or less morally "good" than the other, though the semblance of goodness is attributed more to the Pale Beauty by other characters in her society (whether or not it is true, it is nevertheless inherent in the archetype and can provide an interesting source of drama if you have a Pale Beauty who is not quite as good as everything thinks she is). For example, one of my favorite pairings in pop culture: Galinda and Elphaba from Wicked. Galinda embodies the innocent purity of the Pale Beauty while Elphaba's Dark Beauty-like autonomy earns her the hatred of Oz's populace--yet if you are familiar with their story, you'll know that these archetypes have little bearing on each girl's actual morality (other than to provide delicious irony).


Pushing these two archetypes to the extreme results in stereotypes and caricatures of the Disney variety, which, though is acceptable to a degree in children's cartoons, is to be avoided in literature. What proves to be far more realistic and interesting is the blends created by these two archetypes rather than the black-and-white contrast of the Good Pale Beauty vs. the Evil Dark Beauty as in, say, Cinderella vs. The Wicked Stepmother.



Sorry for how ridiculously long this post is! I could probably go on another yard of blog-space before running out of steam on this topic. What I hope you take away from this is a character development tool you can apply to your own writing--particularly the questions I list above, and others like them.

If you're interested, I have two Pinterest boards dedicated to these two archetypes!
Dark Beauties Board
Pale Beauties Board

In the comments, I'd love to hear your thoughts! 

  • Can you apply these archetypes to any other characters in YA literature? 
  • What are some books you've enjoyed which contain the juxtaposition of the Dark vs. Pale Beauties?
  •  Do you think these archetypes are relevant to YA today?





45 comments:

  1. I've never thought of it in these terms but I have definitely noticed these archetypes. Recently I read Dark Triumph by Robin LaFevers and did notice that the main character was very different than a lot of YA heroines. She kills people and enjoys it and she is not a virgin. I would definitely say she is a Dark Beauty while the heroine in the first book, Ismae, is a Pale Beauty. very interesting topic.

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    Replies
    1. Great point! I think Ismae definitely starts off as a Pale Beauty, and maybe picks up a lot of Dark Beauty attributes as the story progresses. Haven't read DT yet--though it's moving higher and higher on my TBR list! I'll be interested to see the differences between the characters.

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  2. I found this post very interesting. I have written both Dark Beauties and Pale Beauties, although I wasn't thinking about it at the time. I actually have one with a dark beauty, and the male could almost be considered a pale beauty, far more idealistic, hopeful, etc.

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    Replies
    1. You bring up a great point, Rachel! We could go into a whole other discussion about applying these archetypes to male characters. Really, there shouldn't be any difference between a male or female Dark or Pale Beauty; I think the terms have been traditionally applied to literature which did portray a marked difference in its treatment of male vs, female characters. Expanding these stereotypes to both genders would be a great study.

      Delete
  3. Wow! This post was seriously AMAZING! I have been noticing a bit of a trend in YA characters recently but I could never really put a name to it!
    There are so many characters that fall into a category but slowly they begin to evolve and change to fall out of their stereotypical role!
    Personally I really like reading about Dark Beauties. I find them much more facinating and mysterious and really just plain old interesting!!
    I loved this post!! Thank you so much for writing it!! :-)

    ReplyDelete
  4. I loved this post! I had a discussion like this in a AP high school English class. I'm going to be thinking about this for days again now that you've brought it up! My favorite thing is you talked about the gray area that exists between the two definitions and that you specified one over the other does not imply goodness or strength/weakness. I'm also super excited to read your book Origin now too and hopefully do a review of it for my book blog on Tumblr. I'm curious how you would see your own characters fitting into this Dark v. Pale beauty discussion.

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  5. This is a great post! Thanks for sharing. I definitely think this is a great trope to use in discussions of YA. I'm glad you dusted off the trope. :)

    I like what you said about pale beauties not necessarily being weak. I think a lot of time we think about it that way because autonomy is something that we associate with strength. I can't help but think about Melanie from Gone with The Wind, whose reliance on Scarlet makes her come off as weak, but her undying loyalty to those who she loves in some ways makes her a stronger and braver character than Scarlet.

    ReplyDelete
  6. This post is fantastic, Jessica! I thoroughly enjoyed reading it and being taken back to English lit class. :) I think it may have been while reading Blithedale Romance that I first learned this comparison!

    I guess this may be a discussion for another time, but do you feel that Pia is a Pale Beauty who retains her purity, though she gains autonomy and strength? And would Harriet be a Dark Beauty? And would Pia's mom be considered a Dark Beauty as well? This is fascinating stuff.

    I love that you brought this back up. I'm going to be seeing it everywhere for a while. :)

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  7. I've never heard of these archetypes before now and I did an English Lit degree. Perhaps it's something you study in the US but not the UK? It was interesting to read your perspective. I may have dismissed Pale Beauties as being 'weak' but I see now that they don't have to be. I agree with MaryAnn that there can be a certain strength in retaining your innocence/idealism in a harsh, pessimistic world. I also see now that Dark Beauties don't have to be immoral characters just because they are experienced.

    To the Dark Beauties list I would also add: Grace Bisbane from The Wolves of Mercy Falls series (and her boyfriend Sam could be classed as a Pale Beauty), Karou from Daughter of Smoke and Bone, Lady Macbeth, Hermione Granger (though innocent in romance she is very wise and exerts authority over others).

    The Pale Beauties that came to mind were: Alice from Alice in Wonderland, Ophelia from Hamlet, Juliet from Romeo and Juliet, Luna Lovegood (because she's idealistic, naive and a daydreamer-though still a 'strong' person), Bella Swan from Twilight (interestingly I would place Edward in this category too!).

    I would say the majority of women in the Game of Thrones/Song of Fire and Ice series are dark beauties-usually very experienced in love, fighting, manipulating people etc, with the exception of Sansa Stark who is a Pale Beauty at the moment, and Danaerys who starts as Pale and changes to Dark. In The Host by Stephanie Meyer, you have an interesting juxtaposition between Melanie Stryder (Dark Beauty) and the being she shares her body with, Wanderer (Pale Beauty).

    I like to read novels with a good mix of both characters, or characters that start as Pale and transition to Dark like Tris from Divergent, and maybe Ginny Weasley from Harry Potter. I'd be interested to know where you put Pia? I agree with Jeanne that she starts as Pale and transitions somewhat when she gains independence.

    Also, are there any novels in which the character starts out as a Dark Beauty and transitions to a Pale Beauty?

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  14. Hello I'm From Memphis Tennessee, USA I feel so joyful today because of the help Dr  Sunny has rendered to me for  getting my Husband back with his spell. I have been married for 4 years and it has been so terrible because my husband was cheating on me and was seeking for a divorce. But when i came across Dr Sunny Email, on the internet posted by a lady, i decided to get in touch with him and i explained my situation to him and then seek his help but to my greatest surprise he told me that he will help me with my case for there is no problem without a solution. Here i am celebrating because my Husband is back home and am really enjoying my marriage, what a great celebration. i will keep on testifying on the internet because Dr Sunny is truly a real spell caster. Why not contact Dr Sunny now if you are facing any challenges in your relationship life. Email solutioncentre911@gmail.com Also specialize i1) love Spell
    2) Spells divorce
    3) Spells of marriage4) Penis enlargement 5) Pregnancy problems6) Healing spell
    contact this great man if you have a problem for a lasting solution Through Email: solutioncentre911@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  15. HOW DR. UNEME brought back my ex lover unemespellben@gmail.com
    Am DONNA, am from UK. After been in a relationship with my Boyfriend for 1 year now and we were planning to get married soon and all of a sudden he left me for another girl. of a truth, I really love this guy and never can I imagine life without him. I further tried all my best to get him back but all my effort to get him back in my life did not work out. It was on this faithful day, I came across some Testimonies on a website about this great spell caster called (Dr. UNEME) any persons claimed that he help them to renew their relationship and bring their ex lover back, I had to contact him because he was my last hope. I contacted him through his email and he assured me that in three days time my boyfriend is going to leave the other girl and come back to me and it was a very great surprise to see my boyfriend coming back to me after three days the spell was done. I am so very happy today that he came back to me and i achieved this with the help of Dr UNEME I equally want to use this opportunity to Tell/Advice to as many who need their ex back, if you need his help you can Contact him through
    EMAIL: unemespellben@gmail.com WHATSAPP HIM @ +2348143813120


    Thank You Once Again Dr.UNEME

    ReplyDelete
  16. what a powerful and genuine spell caster name Dr okeke am so happy to share this great and wonderful spell caster on this website am Lisa Steven from united state i want to Thank and share the good work of  Dr okeke for what he have done for me! for restore my family back My husband who lift home and requested for divorce papers has come back home and he has stopped to fill the divorce papers after i contacted Dr okeke to help me stop the divorce with my husband and bring him back home to our kids the most happiness part that the evil woman that cause the problem in my marriage was sent away by my husband all what Dr okeke has said have come to pass once again thank you okeke am sharing this great testimony on this website because i know most people are facing such problem in there marriage or relationship and they are searching for solution i will advice to stop searching and contact Dr okeke on his email writelovespell@gmail.com or chat him on whatsAp +2348140443360 to restore your marriage or relationship Dr okeke is the best and truthful spell caster i have ever come across with may God bless you sir for your great work you are doing for people

    ReplyDelete
  17. Having issues with your fiancee could be so disturbing especially when she is the one you have loved all your life and she has been the reason you are still alive. I started having issues with my fiancee for some months didn't know what the problem was or what was going on not until i discovered that another guy was involved i didn't know what to do i was confused, did all i could but nothing was happening for me until i saw an article of one great spell caster, who i told everything i was going through at that time and he told me not to panic for everything will be okay, that if truly we were meant to be that she is going to come back. I did everything he told me to do and today we are back together married with two beautiful kids i cant thank this man enough Dr Raymond. Whats App> +2348118116281  Email> swiftspellcast@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete

  18. Urgent effective love Spell caster to help you bring back ex lover & save you marriage fast contact:prophetoyinbojesus@gmail.com is certainly the best spell caster online and his result is 100% guarantee!. My Name Glenda his form Tx,USA. After 12years of marriage, me and my husband has been into one quarrel or the other until he finally left me and moved to California to be with another woman. I felt my life was over and my kids thought they would never see their father again. i tried to be strong just for the kids but i could not control the pains that torments my heart, my heart was filled with sorrows and pains because i was really in love with my husband. Every day and night i think of him and always wish he would come back to me, I was really upset and i needed help, so i searched for help online and I came across a website that suggested that Dr oyinbo can help get ex back fast. So, I felt I should give him a try. I contacted him and he told me what to do and i did it then he did a (Love spell) for me. 28 hours later, my husband really called me and told me that he miss me and the kids so much, So Amazing!! So that was how he came back that same day,with lots of love and joy,and he apologized for his mistake,and for the pain he caused me and the kids. Then from that day,our Marriage was now stronger than how it were before, All thanks to Dr oyinbo. he is so powerful and i decided to share my story on the internet that Dr.oyinbo real and powerful spell caster who i will always pray to live long to help his children in the time of trouble, if you are here and you need your Ex back or your husband moved to another woman, do not cry anymore, contact this powerful spell caster now. Here’s his contact: Call/WhatsApp:+2348074066640 ,Email him at: prophetoyinbojesus@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  19. My husband was flirting with another woman. until he vanished away, I was desperate to get him back, I wasted so much time and money trying to get my Husband back, I tried almost all possibilities to have him back and nothing worked. I became lonely. To make it short, I found a spell caster Dr Azaka I saw the good testimonies about his wonderful work and after reading the Testimonials, I decided I had to try and give it one last try and After the spells, a miracle happened, my husband came home. It was really awesome to see the man I love in my arms again, anyone who needs help or relationship Advice, should pls contact dr Azaka via Whatsapp +2349059389105 or Email azakaspelltemple@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  20. My name is Valary West.I'm from Canada, My husband and I have been married for about 7 yrs now. We were happily married with two kids, a boy and a girl. 3 months ago, I started to notice some strange behaviour from him and a few weeks later I found out that my husband is seeing someone else. He started coming home late from work, he hardly care about me or the kids anymore, Sometimes he goes out and doesn't even come back home for about 2-3 days.

    I did all I could to rectify this problem but all to no avail. I became very worried and needed help. As I was browsing through I am very happy today with my family. My name is West Valary living in Canada, My husband left me for good 3 months now, and i love him so much, i have been looking for a way to get him back since then. i have tried many options but he did not come back, until i met a friend that darted me to Dr. Odumeje a spell caster, who helped me to bring back my husband after 48 hours. Me and my husband are living happily together today, That man is great, you can contact him via email odumejetemple@gmail.

    com… Now i will advice any serious persons that found themselves in this kind of problem to contact him now a fast solution without stress.. He always hello, now i call him my father. contact him now he is always online email odumejetemple@gmail.com or contact him on his whatsapp mobile line +2349012479806

    you can also contact me for more info about the DR here is my email. westvalary@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  21. I am very grateful to this great spell caster who brought my ex husband back to me. This testimony is an amazing one and my name is Renato Sanchez. When i came in contact with this man it was also through a testimony written about him and i have also encountered many testimonies about how he has been helping others with their life. To get back with an ex is one of the most inner most feeling many people would love to experience especially as those memories with our ex always cloud our mind when someone else does some of those things our ex used to do. I was a single parent for almost 6 years and though my ex husband was far away from my kids i still wish someday he will return back to me. This spell doctor i encountered known as Doctor UZOYA helped me with my wishes and i am happy to say that i am back with my ex husband and i am very happy sharing the testimony with everyone so that they too can meet this great doctor and solve their problems. his contact address; driraborspellcaster@gmail.com OR call his Whatsapp number on +1(301)909 8775. thank you so much Dr,UZOYA    

    ReplyDelete
  22. MY name is luthor mariam, from, (USA) After 12 years of marriage, me and my husband has been into one quarrel or the other until he finally left me and moved to California to be with another woman. I felt my life was over and my kids thought they would never see their father again. i tried to be strong just for the kids but i could not control the pains that torments my heart, my heart was filled with sorrows and pains because i was really in love with my husband. Every day and night i think of him and always wish he would come back to me, I was really upset and i needed help, so i searched for help online and I came across a website that suggested that Dr Osasu can help get ex back fast. So, I felt I should give him a try. I contacted him and he told me what to do and i did it then he did a Love spell for me. 28 hours later, my husband really called me and told me that he miss me and the kids so much, So Amazing!! So that was how he came back that same day,with lots of love and joy,and he apologized for his mistake,and for the pain he caused me and the kids. Then from that day,our Marriage was now stronger than how it were before, All thanks to Dr Osasu . he is so powerful and i decided to share my story on the internet that Dr. Osasu real and powerful spell caster who i will always pray to live long to help his children in the time of trouble, if you are here and you need your Ex back or your husband moved to another woman, do not cry anymore, contact this powerful spell caster now. Here’s his contact Call/WhatsApp: +2347064365391 Email: drosasu25@gmail.com (mail to: drosasu25@gmail.com)

    ReplyDelete
  23. My marriage was going so well when all of a sudden my husband started having extra marital affair with his secretary and when i found out he no longer comes home. I started searching for help cos i can't raise the kids alone and this was when i met almighty Dr Okolo who told me not to worry about it and that he was gonna restore back my marriage. That was how he did a spell casting and my husband came to me pleading for all his been doing behind my back.. Thank you  Dr Okolo . You're a man of your words. Have any problem.. court case spell, love spell, marriage spell, death spell etc...Dr Okolo will help you...email drokolosolutioncenter@gmail.com WhatsApp +2347031895935

    ReplyDelete
  24. I have been suffering from Herpes for the past 4 years and 5 months, and ever since then i have been taking series of treatment but there was no improvement until i came across testimonies of Dr.ogala on how he has been curing different people from different diseases all over the world, then i contacted him as well. After our conversation he sent me the medicine which I took according to his instructions. When i was done taking the herbal medicine i went for a medical checkup and to my greatest surprise i was cured from Herpes. My heart is so filled with joy. If you are suffering from Herpes or any other disease you can contact Dr.ogala today on this Email address: Drogalad02@gmail.com WhatsApp or call him on +2347049668119

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    ReplyDelete
  25. PLEASE READ!!!Sincerely i was so crushed when my Husband of 8 years left me and moved to Quebec City to be with another woman.The pains was just too much for me to bear that I couldn't just bear it anymore. So i had to reached out to the Internet for help until i found out that Dr Tudu. was the real deal.. I had tried the whole lot I knew, and with your spells, blessings and extraordinary magical powers, you did all the work for me, which you have guaranteed me positive result in 48 hours, my Ex Husband came back to me and he was remorseful for the whole lot he has done And now my life is balanced and i am happy again. Dr Tudu. you do a great service to people. Friends in case you need the help of Dr Tudu. kindly mail him on drtuduspellcaster@gmail.com. i will forever recommend you all over the world..

    ReplyDelete
  26. A big thanks to Dr Oselumen i never believe that there still exist a real death spell caster after all this years of disappointment from the enormous spammers on the Internet who go about scamming people, until i was opportune to meet Dr Oselumen a real spell caster, through a close friend called Jennifer who Dr oselumen had helped before, when i contacted him with his email via droselumen@gmail.com i explain how my ex have been giving me problem in my marriage, he never allowed me a moment of peace, and i need to end it by killing him, and i don't want to make use of assassin because it will be risky so i needed to do it in a spiritual way that's why i decided to contact him, he assured me not to worry as i have contacted the right person at the right time, i co-operated with him and in less than a week my ex was dead, he slept and never woke up all thanks to Dr Oselumen indeed he's really a humble man. you can contact dr oselumen for any death spell, such as to kill your superior in the office and take his or her place, death spell to kill your father and inherit his wealth ,death spell to kill anyone who have scammed you in the past ,spell for increase in salaries, spell for promotion at the office, spell to get your ex lover back, if things is not working well in your life then you need to contact him now via Email droselumen@gmail. com call or add him on whatsapp +2348054265852.

    ReplyDelete
  27. How I Got My Husband back... Am so excited to share my testimony of a spell caster who brought my husband back to me. My husband and I have been married for about 6 years now. We were happily married with two kids, a boy and a girl. 3 months ago, I started to notice some strange behavior from him and a few weeks later I found out that my husband is seeing someone else. He started coming home late from work, he hardly cared about me or the kids anymore, Sometimes he goes out and doesn't even come back home for about 2-3 days. I did all I could to rectify this problem but all to no avail. I became very worried and needed help. As I was browsing through the Internet one day, I came across a website that suggested that Dr.Odu adebayo can help solve marital problems, restore broken relationships and so on. So, I felt I should give him a try. I contacted(WhatsApp) him and told him my problems and he told me what to do and I did it and he did a spell for me. 48 hours later, my husband came to me and apologized for the wrongs he did and promised never to do it again. Ever since then, everything has returned back to normal. My family are living together happily again.. All thanks to Dr.odu adebayo If you have any problem contact him and I guarantee you that he will help you. He will not disappoint you. you can WhatsApp him(+2347055287754)or Email him at : poweroflovespell@gmail.com.

    ReplyDelete

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  31. Hello I feel amazed after a long period of emotional depression with my husband which I almost lost hope in but all thanks to my girlfriend (Annie) who had same problem years back so I confided in her and she gave me hope to smile again by giving me an advice on how she got through her emotional depression pains with the help of a great spiritual priestess called Dr BleBle who helped me restored my broken/lost relationship back happily and I am so grateful for her help thank you Annie baby girl for giving me this positive contact advice that brought back my happy marriage again email Dr BleBle via (drbleble525@gmail.com) of joy

    WhatsApp him via +234 705 703 4263

    ReplyDelete
  32. Hello everyone I wish to share my testimonies with the general public about Shomorika spell temple, on what he has just done for me , this man has just brought back my lost Ex husband with his great spell, I was married to this man called Mathew we were together for a long time and we love each other but when I was unable to give him a child after 2 years, he left me and told me he can’t continue anymore then I was now looking for ways to get him back until a friend of mine told me about this man. My friend gave his email to me and asked me to contact him but I didn't want to because I doubted at first but later reconsidered because it's so rear for a man to be as powerful like she said. So I contacted her through this email ( shomorikaspelltemple@yahoo.com ) You won’t believe this when I contacted this man and told him my problems he cast the spell and my ex came back begging on his knees and asking me to forgive him. Not only that after a month I miss my monthly flow, when I went to my doctor, he confirm that I am pregnant so I told myself that I will testify to the whole wide world about the wonders of the powerful man if I give birth successfully. I am so happy today because I am a mother of a bouncing baby girl, thank you once again the great Dr Ehi Spear for what you have done for me, if you are out there passing through any of the following situations :

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    (17) Case solves E.T.C

    You are free to contact him at (shomorikaspelltemple@yahoo.com ) ..... CONTACT HIM NOW FOR ALL ANSWERS TO ANY KIND OF PROBLEMS: shomorikaspelltemple@yahoo.com

    ReplyDelete
  33. There is a great herbal man called Dr voodoo who can cure Hepatitis B virus and other deadly diseases with the use of natural herbs to cure Hepatitis B virus problems. He is from Africa and he is a great doctor and he can also cure you as well if you are have the problem And other deadly disease and here is email address voodoospelltemple66@gmail.com or Whatsapp +2348140120719 HERPES CURE,CANCER CURE,HIV/AIDS CURE,HPV CURE

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